Why Germany Misjudged Trump’s Anger Over Iran War

German leaders had shown little public concern over Trump’s social media threats earlier in the week. Many believed he was bluffing, citing his failed attempt to reduce troops during his first term and the need for congressional approval for major changes. Chancellor Friedrich Merz had publicly stated after meeting Trump in March that the US would maintain its military presence in Germany. When Merz later told students that the US had “no strategy” in Iran and that Tehran had “humiliated” America, German officials did not appear to anticipate a strong retaliation. Defense Minister Boris Pistorius described the troop withdrawal as “foreseeable” and emphasized that Europe must continue taking greater responsibility for its own security.