Study Suggests Submissive Traits May Be Linked to Higher Testosterone Levels

A new study in behavioral endocrinology suggests that men who display more submissive or cooperative traits may have higher baseline testosterone levels than men who appear more dominant.

Researchers combined personality assessments with hormone testing to examine the connection between behavior and testosterone.

The study followed 143 men over six weeks. Participants provided daily saliva samples and completed scenarios designed to measure traits such as confidence, assertiveness, cooperation, decision-making and responses in social or relationship situations.

Researchers found that men with more submissive and cooperative traits had, on average, 12% to 18% higher testosterone levels. They also showed better emotional control and were less likely to act impulsively during stressful situations.

The findings challenge the common belief that outward dominance always indicates higher testosterone.

Researchers suggest that calmness, self-control and emotional stability may also be linked to hormonal patterns, changing how people view masculinity and confidence.